Svingerud runestone

The Hole Runestone is a runestone reconstructed from fragments found at a grave site in Hole in Norway. These pieces include Hole 2 (also referred to as the Svingerud stone). Radiocarbon dating from the graves in which some of the fragments were found dates the runestone to between 50 BCE and 275 CE, during the Roman Iron Age, making it the oldest datable runestone known in the world, and among the oldest known runic inscriptions. The discovery is additionally notable for the content of its inscriptions in Proto-Norse (a northern development of Proto-Germanic). These include a probable female name, the first three elder fuþark runes in order, and what appears to be a formula for denoting the writer of the runes, seen in other runic inscriptions such as the Einang stone. The inscriptions likely reflect one of the earliest stages of runic literacy, characterised by experimentation in writing styles and shapes.

Monument data from Wikidata (CC0). Summary from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).