Nova Roma

New Rome (Ῥ, Néa Rhṓmē, Koine [ˈne̞a ˈr̥o̞ːme̞ː], Nova Roma, Late [ˈnɔwa ˈroma]) was the original name given by the Roman emperor Constantine the Great to his new imperial capital in AD 330, which was built as an expansion of the city of Byzantium on the European coast of the Bosporus strait. The city was founded as Byzantion by Megarian colonists in 657 BC. It was renamed by Constantine the Great first as "New Rome" (Nova Roma) during the official dedication of the city as the new Roman capital in AD 330, which he soon afterwards changed to Constantinople (Constantinopolis). The city was officially renamed as Istanbul in the 20th century, after the establishment of the Turkish Republic in 1923. Constantine essentially rebuilt the city on a monumental scale from 326 to 330, partly modeling it after Rome. Names of this period included ἡ, Ῥ, "the New, second Rome"; Ἄ Ῥ, "Alma Roma"; Ῥ, "Byzantine Rome"; ἑῴ Ῥ, "Eastern Rome"; and Roma Constantinopolitana. The term "New Rome" was used to indicate that Byzantium, thereafter Constantinople, was the second/new capital of the Roman Empire. In modern times, "New Rome" remains part of the official title of the Orthodox Ecumenical Patriarch of that city. During the Tetrarchy system established by Diocletian in the 3rd century, Nicom

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