Poloniny National Park

城市概覽

History Traces of occupation before the Middle Ages are few, with settlement really only starting in the fifteenth and sixteenth centuries. Ulič, founded in 1450, is the oldest known village. Historically, the region has been poor. The nineteenth and twentieth centuries were marked by the departure of many young people who left to find work in town or emigrated to Western Europe or North America. The First and Second World Wars caused much destruction in the region, resulting in the loss of some of the wooden churches, including Runina, Jalova, Príslop and Dara. During the communist period, the wooden churches of Zboj and Nová Sedlica were transferred to museums in Bardejovské Kúpele and Humenné. Electrification, paved access roads to the villages and the arrival of the first bus only date back to the late 1950s. Lake Starina dam, built in the 1980s to provide drinking water to the east, resulted in the displacement of 3,500 people in seven villages upstream. This valley remains uninhabited and agricultural activity is prohibited. The area was declared a national park on October 1, 1997.

Landscape The park is the most eastern region of Slovakia and is the most sparsely populated country. The region belongs to the outer Eastern Carpathians and specifically the vrchy Bukovské (Bukovec Mountains). Kremenec, the highest peak at 1221 m, is located where the borders of Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine meet. The lowest point is 200 m, where the River Ulička enters the Ukraine. The highest peaks are located along the border between Poland and Slovakia. There is also a lower ridge in the southern portion of the park, which is split by Cirocha River valley north of the village of Stakčín, where the only access road to the park is located. Between these two sets of mountains are five valleys.

Flora and fauna 80% of the park is covered in forests, mostly beech, some of which have never been disturbed by logging or other human activities. Three of these areas — Stužica, Hav

如何抵達

By train A railway line carrying a railcar Stakčín connects to the park entrance from Humenné.

1 Stakčín rail station. Daily 04:30-22:30. (updated Nov 2016)

By bus The villages west of the park (Osadné, Hostovice) are accessible by bus from Humenné. All villages including Osadné and Hostovice are connected by regular bus service from the bus station in Snina.

By car From Humenné and Snina, take road 74 to road 558, the only road that enters the park.

當地交通

Apart from a few buses, private cars, cyclists or hikers, visiting this area is limited for protection of the natural environment. Access by car to the old abandoned villages upstream of the Starina dam lake is permitted only with a pass which may be issued by the district administration in Snina or by the park administration in Stakčín.

1 Park administration (Správa NP Polonin), Ul. Mieru 193, 06761 Stakčín, ☏ +421 57 762 44 24. (updated Nov 2016) 2 District administration (Okresný úrad), Partizánska 1057/21, 069 01 Snina, ☏ +421 57 762 12 44. (updated Nov 2016)

必看景點

Natural heritage

1 Kremenec mountain (from the village of Nová Sedlica following the trail marked with a red stripe (about 10 km/4 hr)). The highest point in the park, at 1221 m. The summit, marked by a marble marker, is where the boundaries of Slovakia, Poland and Ukraine meet. It is also the easternmost point of Slovakia and the highest peak of the border between Slovakia and Ukraine. (updated Nov 2016) 2 Ďurkovec mountain (from Runina, follow the trail marked with a green stripe to the ridge, then the red trail). The peak (1188.7 m) is surrounded by the most beautiful high meadows: the "Poloniny". (updated Nov 2016) 3 Stužica (on the trail with the red stripe between Nová Sedlica and Kremenec). Nature reserve within the park located near the top of Kremenec. It was created in 1965 to protect an old-growth beech and fir forest and is now part of the UNCESCO World Heritage Site, Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians. Some trees are around 400 years old, and up to 1.5 m thick and 50 m tall. There are several species of plants, fungi and animals native to the Carpathians. (updated Nov 2016) 4 Havešová primeval forest (only access is by a path that is no longer maintained). 146.26-ha nature reserve at an altitude between 440 and 740 m. This is an old-growth forest consisting of 95% beech. (updated Nov 2016) 5 Rožok (located at the border with Ukraine there is no access trail.). 65.61-ha nature reserve at an altitude between 460 and 780 m. It is an old-growth beech forest with the presence of sycamore maples in altitudes. (updated Nov 2016) 6 Dara geologic site (on the main road). Beautiful sedimentary rock outcrops of the Oligocene. Some panels with diagrams explain (in Slovak) the geologic history of the region. (updated Nov 2016) 7 Sninský kameň (Snina stone). An often visited destination, part of Vihorlat mountains. Top plates of both parts of the stone are reachable by iron ladders.

Cultural heritage

8 Saint-Michael-Archangel church at Ruský Potok (Chr

體驗活動

1 Čertíž Ulič ski area, Ulič 89, 067 67 Ulič. Two slopes with one ski lift with a length of 350 m. (updated Nov 2016)

Cycling

The low traffic of this sparsely populated region is a great for cyclists. The majority of motor roads are marked with a "C" on a white background. The road Stakčín-Starina dam-Ulič-Nová Sedlica is marked in blue, the Topola-Ruské route is marked in yellow and the road between Starina-Ulič and Ruský Potok. The road Stakčín-Starina dam-Ruské-Ruské sedlo, marked in green, is connected to the Polish signposted cycle network. The last-road Stakčín-Kalná Roztoka-Ulič, marked in yellow, is located south of the park.

美食

Much of the lodging is in old houses that have been converted to tourist accommodation, so they often come with kitchens and cooking utensils. Food can be purchased as village grocery stores. The Kremenec guest house (in Nová Sedlica) and Poloniny guest house (in Ulič) also have restaurants.

住宿

Lodging 1 Hotel Armales, Duchnovičova 282/1, 067 61 Stakčín (100 m from the bus and train stations), ☏ +421 57 767 4247, +421 57 767 4248, +421 917 590 181. Check-in: 14:00, check-out: 10:00. Two and three bed rooms with private showers and toilets. Free Wifi, air conditioning, jacuzzi and sauna. There is also a restaurant on-site. Hotel is located in Stakčín, which is a short drive from the entrance to the park. €20 double room, €50-60 for apartment. (updated Nov 2016) 2 Penzión Kremenec, 067 68 Nová Sedlica, ☏ +421 57 769 41 56. Guest house with two buildings. House A has 14 dorm room beds, a shared common bathroom, and is open year-round. House B, only open in the summer, has a number of private rooms, including two large "apartments" with more space, and each room has a private bathroom. There is also a restaurant on-site. €12 dorm room, €17 private room, €40 apartment. (updated Nov 2016)

Camping 3 Poľana. (updated Nov 2016) 4 Sedlo pod Čierťažou (on the red/blue trail, about 2 hr west of the top of Kr