Muonio

城市概覽

Standing by an important salmon river, Muonionjoki, the area has been inhabited for at least 7,000 years. The meaning of the name Muonio is unknown but probably of Sami origin. It appears first in manuscripts from mid 16th century and in a Swedish map from 17th century in forms Monanisk kyla, Mononiske or Muniosuij. The original name of the municipality was Muonionniska ("top of the rapids of Muonio[river]") which was abbreviated into its current form in 1923. There is notable amount of ancient holy places of the Sami people in the municipality. Being inhabited by the Sámi for ages, the first mention of Finnish landownership in Muonio is from 1575, actually before the Crown of Sweden had taken the lands into its ownership, which officially happened in 1584. From the early 1600s Muonio area was administered from Pajala (in present Sweden) until 1812 when the newborn borderline between the kingdom of Sweden and the Russian Empire made Muonio an independent parish. In the World War II aftermath known as the Lapland War the destruction was somewhat complete; well over 80% of all buildings were destroyed by retreating German troops. For example in the main village only the church and a few storehouses were saved. For some decades Muonio has been one of the places where international car manufacturers test their new car models in harsh winter conditions. The proving grounds are vast but hidden in the forests. This business is shrouded in the utmost secrecy, but it provides a significant source of income to this small community. Muonio has about 2,300 permanent residents, about half of them living in the main village. Like many other municipalities in Finnish Lapland, present day Muonio lives mostly from tourism. This was heavily boosted in late 1990s by shifting the municipality border so that the Pallastunturi fells became part of Muonio instead of Kittilä. The municipality is unilingually Finnish even though the northernmost villages have names also in Northern Sámi. E

如何抵達

Muonio village is at the crossroads of road 21 (E8) and road 79. Olostunturi skiing resort is located by road 79 some 8 km from the village and the Finnish road 957 to Pallastunturi area departs road 79 about 12 km from the main village. There is a 1 border crossing from Sweden 1 km south of the centre. The customs office (defunct?) is on the Finnish side of the border.

By plane The nearest airports are in Kittilä to the southeast, Hetta to the northeast, and in Pajala southwest across the border to Sweden. Rovaniemi airport is farther away but with much better connections, especially off season. There are coach connections at least from Rovaniemi and Kittilä airports.

By train The nearest railway stations are in Kolari and Rovaniemi. There is a direct coach connection to Muonio from the night train, which arrives 11:05 in Rovaniemi. The night train to Kolari has a bus connection to Muonio, but it only runs during the school year. Call taxi with a reduced fare (€22) is also available.

By bus There are a few daily coach connections from Rovaniemi, Oulu and Kemi. The ticket costs €50–70/adult from Oulu and around €45/adult from Rovaniemi. The trip takes about 3½ hours from Rovaniemi. At summer a daily direct connection from Tromsø is available. Train taxi service is available between Kolari and Muonio and costs €22. Call taxi exists also from Levi to Pallas and Äkäslompolo with a reduced fare (Pallas €117, Äkäslompolo €130).

By car If driving from Germany or Central Europe in general, the shortest alternative is to drive through Sweden along road E4 all the way to Luleå and then through Pajala to the Finnish border and on to Muonio. Unless you like driving long distances or visit destination en route, a good alternative would be to take a ferry from Germany to Helsinki, then to board an overnight train from Helsinki and drive just from Kolari, Rovaniemi or Oulu (no unloading of cars in Kemi). If you arrive from Sweden, turning away from Swedish national

當地交通

The main roads are highway 21 (E8; Torniontie south of the centre, Kilpisjärventie north of it) and road 79 (Rovaniementie). There is no local public transportation in Muonio. You may use local taxi or the long distance coaches. Check Matkahuolto for time tables. Taxi Tapio Hietalahti (☏ +358 400-399-113, e-mail: [email protected]) operates a shared taxi on the route Muonio-Olos-Jeris-Pallas-Kittilä airport. The shared taxi must be invoked at least 24 hours before the trip.

必看景點

The midnight sun is visible from May 25th until July 19th in the Muonio village. The polar night starts at December 10th and lasts for 24 days. During the winter the northern lights can be seen most nights if the sky is clear. 1 Muonio church, Kirkkotie 4. A wooden church built in 1817, which survived the Lapland War. The service is held every Sunday at 11:00. 2 Muonio local history museum, Lahenrannantie 51, ☏ +358 40-489-5110. June-August: Tu–Sa 11:00–17:00. Local history museum in 19th century buildings, which were brought here from other villages around. Open only during the summer. 3 Keimiöniemi fishing huts (Keimiönniemen kalakentät), Keimiöniementie. Lake Jerisjärvi is famous for its fish, and Keimiöniemi has served as a fishermen's base at least since the 1500s. The oldest existing huts were built in the 1700s and they are still private property. The site is on the list of nationally significant built cultural environments. Free. 4 Ylimuonio village. The northernmost agricultural village in the Tornionjoki-Muonionjoki river valley. Luckily the village stayed almost untouched in the Lapland War and is therefore a rare example of pre-war village architecture in Finnish Lapland. On the list of nationally significant built cultural environments. Free. 5 Pallastunturi visitor centre, Pallastunturintie 557 (32 km from the centre), ☏ +358 20-639-7930, [email protected]. 09:00–16:00/17:00. The Pallas-Yllästunturi National Park is the most visited national park in Finland. During the peak season there are daily bus connections from Muonio and Kolari villages to the Hotel Pallas and the visitor centre. Check Matkahuolto for details. Free. 6 Taivaskero fell. The highest peak of the Pallastunturi fell massif rises up to 807 m a.s.l. The Olympic Torch for the 1952 Summer Olympics was lighted here. There is a hiking trail from Hotel Pallas and the Pallastunturi visitor centre. Free. 7 Särkitunturi fell. Considered one of the most scenic places in Finland. There

體驗活動

Most visitors come here to enjoy the nature, some come for downhill skiing or fishing. The ski resorts of Olos and Pallas are quite peaceful; if you are looking for nightlife, the Ylläs/Äkäs resorts (or Levi) may be better alternatives.

1 Ski Resort Olos, Oloshotellintie 25 (6 km south-east from the centre), ☏ +358 40-730-2494, [email protected]. 2 Pallas Ski Resort, Pallastunturintie 550 (in the national park; drive 10 km to the south-east from the centre, then 20 km north-east and north), ☏ +358 16 323-355. The ski