Jena

城市概覽

Jena (pronounced yay-nah) has probably existed since at least the 9th century AD and became a town around 1230. Part of the State of Thuringia from its foundation in 1920 on, it was incorporated into the German Democratic Republic (East Germany) in 1949 and its district of Gera in 1952. Since 1990, the city of Jena has again been a part of reunited Germany's state of Thuringia.

Academics

Jena has the biggest university in Thuringia and its ratio of students to the total of inhabitants is one of the highest in Germany, as there are 20,000 students at the university which was founded in 1558 and named after Friedrich Schiller in 1934. Additionally, there are some 4,500 students at the university of applied sciences (Fachhochschule), making one out of four citizens of Jena a student.

In early modern times, there was a fixed canon of sights: The Seven Wonders of Jena, or septem miracula Jenae in Latin, that each student in Jena was expected to visit and remember. Being able to identify and recite the Seven Wonders in the correct order was considered proof that someone had indeed studied at Jena: Ara (the "arch"), referring to the underpass below the altar of St Michael's church; Caput (the "head"), which is the mechanically moving figurehead above the astronomical clock at the town hall; and Draco (the "dragon"), a seven-headed chimera crafted as a student joke from animal bones and papier-mâché. The list continues with Mons (the "mountain"), the 385-metre-high Jenzig hill northeast of the town; Pons (the "bridge"), the nine-arched old stone bridge Camsdorfer Brücke over the Saale; and Vulpecula Turris (the "fox tower"), known as the Fuchsturm, a high-medieval donjon on a hilltop east of Jena. Finally, the Weigeliana Domus ("Weigel's house") was built for a 17th-century professor of mathematics and featured technical refinements far ahead of its time, such as a wine conduit from the cellar to the dining room, a mechanical lift, and long tubes for observing stars. F

如何抵達

By plane While Jena does not have its own commercial airport, it is well-connected to several international hubs. 1 Leipzig/Halle Airport (LEJ IATA) (About 90 km north of Jena), [email protected]. The closest major airport to Jena. It serves as a hub for holiday charters and some European city connections. Take the regional train (S-Bahn) to Leipzig Hbf or Naumburg and change for a regional express (RE) train to Jena. The total journey takes about 1 hour to 1 hour 15 minutes. (updated May 2026) 2NOT EXISTING IMAGE Frankfurt Airport (FRA IATA) (About 300 km west of Jena), [email protected]. Germany's primary international hub with connections to every continent. Direct ICE high-speed trains run from the airport's long-distance station (Fernbahnhof) to Erfurt. From Erfurt, change to a regional train for the final 30-minute leg to Jena. Total travel time is approximately 3 to 3.5 hours. (updated May 2026) 3 Erfurt-Weimar Airport (ERF IATA) (About 50 km west of Jena), ☏ +49 361 656-2200, [email protected]. A small regional airport mainly catering to Mediterranean holiday destinations. Take tram line 4 to Erfurt Hauptbahnhof, then change to a regional train (RE) to Jena. Total travel time is approx. 1 hour 15 minutes. (updated May 2026)

By train Jena is served by two main railway stations, located about a 10-minute walk (800 m) apart. Since the completion of the high-speed rail link via Erfurt, Jena is no longer a major hub for long-distance trains and is bypassed by most ICE services.

Long-distance (ICE/IC): Connections are limited. Usually, there is only one direct ICE per day from Hamburg and Berlin, and one IC from Stuttgart/Nuremberg. For all other long-distance travel, you will likely need to change to a regional train in Erfurt (the most frequent connection, 30 min),Halle (1 hr), or Leipzig (1 hr 15 min). Regional trains: Jena is well-connected to the surrounding region. Frequent RE and RB trains run from Weimar (15 min), Gera (30 mi

當地交通

Jena is a compact city, and most major sights, university buildings, and shops in the city centre are easily accessible by foot. However, the city also boasts an efficient and extensive public transport system operated by Jenaer Nahverkehr. The network consists of five tram lines and numerous bus routes that cover nearly every corner of the city. Services typically run from 04:00 until 01:00. While not the cheapest in Germany, the fares are standard for the region (part of the VMT - Verkehrsverbund Mittelthüringen). For travel within the city, the following tickets are available (as of May 2026):

Single ticket (Einzelfahrt): €2.90 Day ticket (24-Stunden-Karte): €7.40 Weekly ticket (Wochenkarte): €26.50 Group day ticket (Gruppentageskarte): Valid for up to 5 people, useful for families or small groups. Tickets can be purchased at vending machines at major stops, via the "MeinJena" app, or directly from bus drivers. Detailed schedules and network maps are available at the Jenaer Nahverkehr website.

必看景點

1 Markt (market square). Centre of the old town, surrounded by historical buildings. The townhall dates from the 14th century. Its astronomical art clock was added in the 15th century, with Schnapphans, a mechanically moved figure opening and closing his mouth every full hour, in the attempt to catch a Thuringian dumpling on a stick. Jena is said to be doomed if Schnapphans ever caught the dumpling. 2 Göhre (Stadtmuseum—Museum of local history), Markt 7, ☏ +49 3641 498261. Tu W F 10:00-17:00, Th 15:00-22:00, Sa Su 11:00-18:00, closed on Mondays. Located in a historical building whose foundations date from the 13th century but was completely rebuilt in a Gothic revival style around 1900, then serving as a wine shop and wine bar. The museum illustrates the history of Jena from pre-history to the 19th century on four levels. The exhibits include a seven-headed "dragon" modelled from animal bones and papier-mâché by students in early 17th century that was considered one of the "Seven Wonders" of Jena. (updated Nov 2016) 3 St Michael's church (Stadtkirche St. Michael). Main Protestant parish church of the city. There probably was a church at this location as early as in the 12th century. The present building was started around 1380 and is a late-Gothic hall church. The 75-metre-high octagonal tower is topped by a Renaissance-style crest. An architectural anomaly is the underpass below the church's sanctuary and altar that served as the only passage to the (long disbanded) Cistercian convent behind the church during medieval and early modern times and was considered one of the "Seven Wonders" of Jena. (updated Nov 2016)

4 Schiller's garden house, Schillergäßchen 2. Friedrich Schiller, one of the greatest classical German poets and playwrights lived in Jena from 1789 to 1799 with his wife Charlotte von Lengefeld, a native of nearby Rudolstadt. While Schiller's downtown home is lost, the garden house that he bought in 1797 to spend the Summers with his family