Amur River Tunnel

The Amur River Tunnel (during its construction — No.4) is a 7.2 km long railway tunnel on the Trans-Siberian Railway, in Khabarovsk, Russia. It was built between 1937 and 1942 to provide an alternate route for the Khabarovsk Bridge across the Amur River. This tunnel is the only underwater tunnel on the Russian Railway network. The concept of drilling a tunnel underneath the Amur River arose in connection with the construction of the Trans-Siberian Railroad. In 1913, at the exhibition of the plans Amur Region, there was a drawing of the tunnel, but the choice had already been made in favor of the bridge. During the 1930s, the construction of a second track for the Trans-Siberian Railroad east of Irkutsk was undertaken. The need to build this tunnel was caused by the Japanese invasion of Manchuria in 1931, and the loss of the Chinese Eastern Railway. Accordingly, the bridge at Khabarovsk was vulnerable to the Japanese air raids. In 1936, because of the particular strategic importance for the country's Trans-Siberian Railroad, the Kremlin decided to build under the urging of the General Staff of the Red Army. The technical design of the underwater 7.2 km long tunnel was carried out in 1937 by the Metroproject Institute which was then in the People's Commissariat of Communications of the USSR. The seven-kilometre-long-railroad tunnel had been c

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