Khushab 5

The Khushab Nuclear Complex (KNC) is a plasma physics and heavy water research complex situated 30 kilometres (19 mi) south of the town of Jauharabad in Khushab District, Punjab, Pakistan. Planning of the complex started in 1973 but the construction of the complex was commenced in 1985 to produce plutonium, deutrium, and tritium. Various organizations have built and contributed in building the reactor and is commonly called "the Complex". Four currently operating reactors have capacities variously reported at between 40 MWth to 50 MWth, and as high as 70 MWth. In total, they are estimated to be capable of producing 44 kilograms (97 lb) of specially graded plutonium annually, and their absence of usage in civilian energy has been attracted much publicized international criticism. Pakistan's first indigenous nuclear reactor was commissioned at Khushab in March 1996. The Khushab Nuclear Complex was conceived and planned by the then chairman of the Pakistan Atomic Energy Commission (PAEC), Munir Ahmad Khan, who began work on the 50 MWth Khushab-I reactor and heavy water plant in 1986. He appointed nuclear engineer Sultan Bashiruddin Mahmood and Dr. N.A. Javed, both from the PAEC, as the Project-Directors for the reactor and the heavy water plant respectively. According to a Pakistani press report this reactor began operating in early 1998. Based on the success of these projects an

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