Kitab Geological State Nature Reserve

Kitab State Geological Reserve is located in the Kitab district of Kashkadarya region, Uzbekistan. It is located on the south-western branches of the Zarafshan mountain range, on the left bank of the Jinni Darya and on the northern side of Karatog, 45 km east of the city of Kitab. The area is 5378 ha. It was established in 1979 in order to study and protect unique paleontological-stratigraphic objects, which are natural-scientific monuments related to the geological history of the Earth. In the Kitab State Geological Reserve, marine sediment formations from the Middle Ordovician period to the boundary layers of the Devonian and Carboniferous periods are observed in a stable consistency in several stream valleys that cross the direction of the rocks of the Paleozoic layer. They are characterized by various paleontological phyla representing fauna and flora belonging to 16 different groups. The absolute height of the reserve is 1300–2650 m, the relative height is from 500 m to 1500 m. The terrain is rocky, sharply divided in the highlands, and somewhat flat in the middle altitudes. As a result of the deep cutting of the mountain ridges of Obisafed, Khojakurgan, Zinzilbon, and Novabak streams, scenic mountain ravines were created. One of the international stratigraphic benchmarks of the Devonian system, the stratotype of the lower boundary of the Ems stage, chosen by the Internati

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