United States Marine Hospital (New Orleans)

Three sites were constructed to be the United States Marine Hospital in New Orleans, with one campus still extant. The U.S. Marine Hospital system was run by the Marine Hospital Service and its successor the Public Health Service, primarily for the benefit of the civilian merchant marine. The first of the three sites was a Gothic Revival building in the McDonoghville neighborhood on the Mississippi River's south bank. It opened in 1849, but was abandoned in 1858 after a flood and destroyed in 1861 in an explosion of Confederate powder magazines on the site. Over the following decades the river encroached on the site, which is now underwater. The second location was in the Mid-City neighborhood. It used an innovative cast iron and rammed earth design, but part of the structure sank into the swampy land, and construction was halted in 1860 with only the exterior completed. It was never used as a Marine Hospital, but was used as a military hospital during the Civil War and then a Freedmen's Hospital, and later by the City of New Orleans as an insane asylum and then a boys' house of refuge, although much of the building was by then taken over by squatters. The building was demolished by 1901, and the site is now occupied by the Orleans Parish Criminal Courts Building. The third location opened in 1885 in the West Riverside section of Uptown New Orleans on the site of a former suga

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