Chufut-Kale
Bakhchysarai Raion, Ukraine · built 500
Chufut-Kale (Crimean Tatar: Çufut Qale, pronounced [tʃuˈfut qaˈle], Russian and, Karaim, Kala) is a medieval city-fortress in the Crimean Mountains that now lies in ruins. It is a national monument of Crimean Karaites culture just 3 km (1.9 mi) east of Bakhchysarai. Its name is Crimean Tatar and Turkish for "Jewish Fortress" (çufut/çıfıt - Jew, qale/kale - fortress), while Crimean Karaites refer to it simply as "Fortress", considering the place as a historical center for the Crimean Karaite community. In the Middle Ages the fortress was known as Qırq Yer (Place of Forty) and as Karaites to which sect the greater part of its inhabitants belong, Sela' ha-Yehudim (Hebrew for 'Rock of the Jews').
Fort data from Wikidata (CC0). Summary from Wikipedia (CC BY-SA).