Tabriz

城市概覽

People The majority of the city's population are Iranian Azerbaijanis, followed by Persians, Armenians, Assyrians, and other people of the Caucasus.

Geography At an altitude of 1,340 meters above sea level, 619 km northwest of Tehran, it was the second largest city in Iran until the late 1960s. It is a former capital of Persia, and had a population of 1,400,000 according to 1992 census. Tabriz is in a valley to the north of the long ridge of Mount Sahand. The valley opens out into a plain that slopes down gently to the northern end of Lake Orumieh, 60 km to the west. The 160-km long Aji, Chai or Talkheh River is the major river of the city, formed by merging of three smaller rivers, namely the Ab Nahand, Quri Chai, and Ojan Chai, all of which originate from the Sabalan Mountain and the heights in the southeastern part of the town. The river and streams join the Orumieh Lake after passing through the valleys between the Sorkhband and Yekkeh Chin mountain north of Tabriz and Osku district. Mehran River or Maidan Chai, also called Liqvan River, originates from the peaks between Karim and Sultan mountains overlooking the Liqvan village (a major center of cheese production in Iran) near Esparakhoun and Qeshlaq. Its worst natural disadvantage, however, is its vulnerability to earthquakes, one of which utterly destroyed the city in 858. Rebuilt in a minor key, it was again devastated in 1041, when more than 40,000 people lost their lives.

Climate

By virtue of its situation, Tabriz has a continental climate with low humidity (average annual rain fall is 288 mm). It has a modestly warm summer climate and a severely cold winter.

History The town has a long and checkered history. Although the early history of Tabriz is shrouded in legend and mystery, the town's origins are believed to date back to distant antiquity, perhaps even before the Sassanian era (224-651 ACE). The oldest stone tablet with a reference to Tabriz is that of Sargon II, the Assyrian king. The ta

如何抵達

Tabriz is 310 km southeast of Bazargan (at the Iran — Turkey frontier), 131 km south of Agarak (at the Iran - Armenia border crossing), 159 km south of Jolfa on the Iran — Azerbaijan Republic border, and can be reached by road, rail (742 km from Tehran, with connections to Europe and Moscow), air from Tehran, Istanbul and other major cities in the region, and highway (Highway number 1 connects Tabriz to Tehran).

By plane 1 Tabriz International Airport (TBZ IATA), Bolvar-e-Shahid Khalaban Babayi (10 km from the city center), ☏ +98 411 523 4705. This is a hub airport for Ata Airlines. Airport bus #136 goes to airport from Motahhari St. every 30–40 minutes. Another option is getting a taxi. Domestic flights

Ahwaz operated by Iran Air Bandar Abbas operated by Iran Air Isfahan operated by Iran Air Mashhad operated by ATA air, Iran Air Tours, Iran Aseman and Zagros Airlines Shiraz - Monday and Friday, operated by Iran Aseman. Fare is 2,200,000 rials for 1-way. Daily direct flights to Tehran (Mehrabad Airport) by Iran Air, Iran Aseman and other companies. Fare is 490,000 rials for 1-way. International direct flights to the following destinations exist:

Baghdad - F and M, operated by ATA air. Baku - Tu and Sa, operated by Kish Air. Damascus. Dubai - Tu and Sa, operated by Kish Air (around US$200 for round trip). Gaziantep - Tu, operated by Sky Airlines. Istanbul 13 flights per week, operated by Turkish airlines (7 flights), Iran Air (2 flights) and ATA air (4 flights). Fare is around US$250 for a round trip. Tbilisi 2 flights per week, operated by ATA air.

By car By the bridge over the Urmia lake Tabriz is reachable from Urmia in 1.5 hours.

By train There are overnight trains to Tehran (12 hr) via Maraghe (2 hr), Zanjan (9 hr) and Qazvin. A 2nd class sleeper (six bunks per cabin) leaves Tabriz at 20:30 nightly reaching Tehran at 09:30, price is 40,000 rials. More comfortable is the 1st class train for 170,000 rials, leaving at 17:30 and arriving in Tehran at 0

當地交通

City transport awaiting the Metro that's only partly operational is limited to taxis, shared taxis and buses.

By metro Tabriz is building an extensive metro system, but as of 2022, only Line 1 is operational..

By taxi Taxis can be chartered for a modest fee (around US$20 if you need a driver and car for the whole day to visit the region!)

By shared taxi Shared taxis are even more of a bargain, but you will need to speak a few words of Persian and risk your life by stepping on the side of the road and scream your destination at passing-by Paykans. However, the experience of sharing a car with 4 locals of both genders and all ages (+ driver) can be fun! Some drivers refuse to be paid, the pleasure of chatting with a foreigner about the various plagues of Iran being apparently enough to make their day. (be careful of tarof, though)

By bus Buses are difficult to take (no map, no schedule) and definitely not worth the experience when compared to shared taxis despite being quasi-free.

必看景點

Inside Tabriz With a very rich history, Tabriz used to house many historical monuments. Unfortunately, many of them were destroyed in repeated invasions and attacks of foreign forces, negligence of the ruling governments, and natural disasters such as earthquakes and floods. What remains now mostly dates back to the Ilkhanids, the Safavids, and the Qajars. Some of the monuments are unrivaled masterpieces of architecture. The Shahrdari Square is the center of the town, on the south-west of which stands the imposing edifice of Municipality. The railway station (5 km from the center of the town) is at the western edge of the town. The Quri Chai river runs through Tabriz, and most places of interest to the visitor are to the south of this river and alone or north of Imam Khomeini Avenue.

1 Saat Tower, Saat Sq., Emam Ave. Saat Tower is the symbol of Tabriz. It was used as the main office of the city municipality. Nowadays it is the cite for the Municipality Museum which displays pictures and items from Tabriz' history (in the basement), and it also displays carpet family (in first floor). None of the museums are signposted. Free. 2 El Goli (locals call it Shah Goli), Shahgoli Blvd. (South east of Tabriz). It is a pool and a building in the middle of the poor. It used to be the summer palace for rulers or the king who ruled in Tabriz. Nowadays it is considered a suburban park with a square artificial pond. In the center, a small hall is on an island and hosts a restaurant. Very nice for eating some tchelokebab or sip some tea while enjoying the freshness of the park in summer. 3 Blue Mosque (Goy Machid), Near to Mansur St., Emam Ave (City Center, close to Saat Tower). 09:00-16:00. Built in 1465, this mosque was famous because of its blue tiles. It was severely damaged in an earthquake in 1778, leaving only the entrance Iwan. It was reconstructed in 1970s by the Iranian Ministry of Culture. Inside of the mosque was tiled with superb blue ceramic many of them dest