Guadalupe Island

城市概覽

Guadalupe is part of Ensenada, a subdivision of the state of Baja California. In 2010, the island had a population of 213 people, but this is believed to have fallen below 150 by 2015.

Location

Guadalupe has a rugged landscape with numerous shield volcanoes. The island measures 35 km (22 mi) north-south and up to 9.5 km (5.9 mi) east-west, with a total area of 244 km2 (94 sq mi). The southern part of the island is barren, but there are fertile plateaus and trees in the northern part. The coast generally consists of rocky bluffs with detached rocks fronting some of them. There are also some islets off the coast of Guadalupe Island, such as Islote Afuera and Islote Adentro.

History Guadalupe Island was a major destination for Russian and American fur hunters seeking the Guadalupe fur seal in the 18th and 19th centuries, until they were nearly extinct by 1844. The northern elephant seal was also hunted for the oil in its blubber, but managed to survive and the seals remain today. Goats were brought to the island in the 19th century by European whalers and sealers for provisions when stopping over. Their numbers fluctuated over the years, peaking at 100,000 and falling to about 20,000 before they were eradicated in 2007. The island has been a nature conservancy area since 1928, making it one of the oldest reserves in Mexico.

Climate The island has two major climate zones: a very arid, semi-hot climate between 0–800 m (0–2,625 ft) elevation, with mean annual temperature between 18–22 °C (64–72 °F) and a very arid, temperate climate above 800 m (2,600 ft) elevation with temperatures over 22 °C (72 °F) in the hottest month of the year. The weather station is at a low elevation, and temperatures may be more than 6 °C (10 °F) colder at the higher elevations of the island. Most precipitation occurs over the winter months with strong influence of northwestern winds and cyclones. Rainfall averages 133 mm (5.2 in) near sea level at the south end but appears to be much

如何抵達

This is one of the most challenging places to reach on Earth. However, there are options for getting to the island. The first is to get there on your own, with a boat or a plane. The other is to take the Guadalupe Sharks tour, but this tour does not go on the main island.

By plane 1 Airport Isla Guadalupe (ICAO code MMGD). It has a 1,200 m (3,900 ft) long runway for private planes. There is no airport terminal or air traffic control, and multiple planes have crashed near the runway since it is not completely flat. Also, there is no hangar at the runway or really anywhere to park the plane once it has landed. There are three dirt roads from the airport to the other parts of the island, and unless you want to start your vacation walking several miles on a desert island, you'll need to arrange for a vehicle to be there to pick you up. This will need to be arranged privately with one of the locals before the trip, since there are no car rentals either at the runway or in any other part of the island.

By boat It is 18 hours by boat from Ensenada, over deep water in areas where communication for help is impossible, so make sure you have a decent boat before setting off on such an expedition. Nearer to the island, watch out for great white sharks! Diving expeditions to see the great white sharks are available from Horizon Charters, Guadalupe Great White Sharks, Shark Diver (starting at US$3,000 for a 5-day package) from Ensenada.

當地交通

By car There are several dirt roads on the island. The main dirt road goes along the top plateau, and other minor dirt roads branch off to the towns. The main road intersection is at the southwest end of the runway, where three roads intersect. The southbound road at this junction begins along a flat plateau, and begins to twist as it reaches a mountainous, volcanic region. Around here it begins to descend the Guadalupean slopes, somewhat following the contour lines and going through mountain passes. As it becomes nearly level with the ridge to the west, it begins to follow a more obvious downhill grade, winding around several miniature volcanoes. It eventually follows the path of a minor creek, before turning and following the western cliff until it reaches Camp Sur. The westbound road follows the plateau to the west until the plateau begins to evolve into a cliff, and zigzags begin. It then follows a creek southwest until it reaches Campo Oeste. Here it divides into two roads, one going along the physically higher end of town and one going along the shoreline at the lower end of the town. The northbound road steadily climbs the volcanic northern half of the island, eventually reaching an elevation of more than 4,000 ft (1,200 m). At the top, a cliff is visible on the right, which leads towards the ocean, and on the left the first woodlands are seen. The dirt road from here follows the cliff until it reaches Campo Bosque, where it begins to descend the cliff. It goes down the cliff sections at a time until it reaches a major canyon within the cliff itself. The canyon, however, becomes extremely steep, and the dirt road begins to zigzag down a steep ridge in the cliff until it reaches a beach, where Northeast Anchorage is located.

Apart from town roads, these are the only proper roads on the island.

By foot The challenge with navigating in this fashion is the size of the island, and its rugged terrain. Except for hiking, this method of transport is only reason

必看景點

Of course, besides the act of getting there, the main point of all that effort to get to the island is to look around. All of the island is dramatic, and you can really do sightseeing anywhere on Guadalupe Island. The sights on the island consist of some wildlife, particularly on the shorelines and in the upper parts of the island; the great rocky cliffs that go around most of the island; the oceans around the island; and everything on the top of the island.

Populated places There are some interesting attractions on Guadalupe and on some other islets just off the coast.

Airport (Runway). Poorly constructed runway in the center of the island where a plane crashed several years ago. (updated Dec 2017) 1 Campamento Sur (South Camp). Small camp on the southern end of the island. (updated Dec 2017) 2 Campo Bosque (Forest Camp). It was established as a temporary camp in 1999 in the cypress forest in the north. The camp houses members of a cooperative farming society which removes goats from the island and sells them in the State of Sonora, with permission of Secretariat of the Environment and Natural Resources and the support of the Secretariat of the Navy. (updated Dec 2017) 3 Campo Oeste. The main settlement with about 200 people, Oeste is a small community of abalone and lobster fishermen, on the western coast. It is on the north side of West Anchorage, a bay that provides protection from the strong winds and swells that whip the islands during winter. Generators provide electricity, and a desalination plant provides fr